Ius Doni: The Acquisition of Citizenship by Investment

By Dr. Christian H. Kälin, Henley & Partners

We are in the midst of a global trend: the transformation of citizenship. This includes the acceptance of dual citizenship and the advent of ius doni, which provides the possibility of alternative citizenship by making an investment. At the same time, it creates social and economic development opportunities for States.

This study introduces the concept of ius doni into the contemporary legal and political theorizing of citizenship. Providing the first comprehensive analysis of the subject, it discusses the historical, legal, and political concepts of citizenship. It also introduces a new term for what is already an increasingly common and accepted practice of granting citizenship on the basis of substantial contributions to the State.